Les origines de l'internationalisme ouvrier / The origins of workers' internationalism: From the Communist League to the International Workingmen's Association (1847-1872)

The Communist League, for which Marx and Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto in late 1847, brought together German revolutionary workers and intellectuals. The League framed its actions within the context of internationalism, as the Manifesto emphasizes in its impassioned "Workers of the world, unite!" conclusion, The repression of the 1848 revolutions scattered its activists and ideas throughout Europe, among the workers' and socialist organizations that were proliferating there. Once the failure of the 1848 revolutions had been digested, many of its activists participated in the creation of the International Workingmen's Association, the First International, in 1864.